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Barriers and Facilitators in the Implementation of the Systematic Medical Appraisal, Referral, and Treatment (SMART) Mental Health Digital Intervention in Rural India: Mixed Methods Process Evaluation Study

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Authors: Ankita Mukherjee, Mercian Daniel, Sudha Kallakuri, Siddhardha Devarapalli, Sandhya Kanaka Yatirajula, Amanpreet Kaur, Praveen Devarsetty, Usha Raman, Beverley M Essue, Rajesh Sagar, Shashi Kant, Shekhar Saxena, Graham Thornicroft, Anushka Patel, Pallab K Maulik

This study looked at a mental health program in India that used mobile technology, community health workers (CHWs), doctors, and community education to help people with depression, anxiety, and self-harm risks. The program was successfully carried out, with most participants receiving follow-up support from CHWs and many community members exposed to anti-stigma messages. CHWs played an important role because they were trusted members of their communities and could encourage people to seek care. The study found that training, mentoring, and ongoing support helped health workers use the digital tools effectively, but challenges such as mental health stigma and limited access to specialist services still prevented some people from getting the care they needed.

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Resource Topic: CHW Role, Digital health, Digital support, Digital technology, Mental health, mHealth and Technology

Resource Type: Evaluation, Mixed Methods

Year: 2026

Region: Asia

Country: India

Publisher May Restrict Access: No

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